Google announced on the Google Geo Developers Blog that the Maps Data API now allows for geospatial and attribute search:

First, we’re adding geospatial and attribute search to your maps.  To see these features in action, play around with this College Finder demo (you can download and modify the source code here).  I created a Google My Map consisting of approximately 3000 U.S. 4-year colleges, and wrote a JavaScript app to search over this map (with no need to run my own server or database!).

Read more: The Maps Data API: Bringing Geospatial Search to Google’s Cloud